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December 2024

Journal of ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½ Volume 87, Number 5 View the IssueAbout the Cover Tropospheric ozone concentrations have trended downward in many U.S. cities since 2000. In Texas, however, concentrations and regulatory exceedances abruptly ro...

Concurrent Disaster Response Success Story

This success story describes how the Environmental Division of the Town of Addison, Texas faced the challenges of a winter storm during COVID-19 in the context of ensuring food safety, public health, and providing warming stations and power to a...

Opinion: Compound Risks and Complex Emergencies Require New Approaches to Preparedness

This article calls for a need to redesign institutions to be proactive, agile, and socially just when confronted with compound risks that have become increasingly likely. This resource includes: Risk reduction framework and funding Pandemic l...

COVID-19, the Built Environment, and Health

This article discusses features of the built environment that affect the risk of COVID-19 and identify elements of the pandemic response with implications for the built environment and for long-term public health. This resource includes: Influe...

Disaster Behavioral Health Through the Lens of COVID-19

This article reviews the history and framework of emergency planning and response and addresses aspects related to COVID-19. Recommendations for how best to incorporate behavioral health responses into future disaster emergency planning are offe...

Compounding Hazards and Intersecting Vulnerabilities

This report discusses study findings that measure how COVID-19 affected extreme heat vulnerability during the summer of 2020. This resource includes: Examination of socio-demographic characteristics and pandemic related factors Examined vulne...

The COVID-19 Crisis Worsens With the Occurrence of Climate Extremes and Disasters

This article examines the impacts of climate disasters and COVID-19 in Africa and provides suggestions for countries to strengthen their emergency department by boosting the staff component, provide adequate technical support and develop detaile...

Reflection of Challenges and Opportunities within the COVID-19 Pandemic to Include Biological Hazards into DRR Planning

This article examines key challenges and opportunities from COVID-19 as highlighted at the Asia-Pacific Partnership for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Forum convened by the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) Regional office...

Bottom-Up Citizen Engagement for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management

This article describes how there is a need to advance bottom-up engagement in health disaster and emergency management programs, policies and research. The article also highlights that all disasters and health emergencies start at the local leve...

Excess of COVID-19 Cases and Deaths Due to Fine Particulate Matter Exposure During the 2020 Wildfires in the United States

This article analyzes data on PM2.5, the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths, and other confounders for 92 western U.S. counties affected by 2020 wildfires. It includes estimates of the association between short-term exposure to PM2.5 and the ep...

Changing Vulnerability for Hurricane Evacuation During a Pandemic

This article examines data from workshops involving emergency management and public health experts to support planning for hurricane evacuation and sheltering. This resource includes: Policy integration findings Expanded protections for popula...

Supporting Wildfire Response During a Pandemic in the United States

This article reviews the development and application of a COVID-19 Incident Risk Assessment Tool. The tool includes summary of usage statistics, examples of real use on wildfire incidents, and report feedback from users. The tool was used to fil...

Potential Impact of Earthquakes During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic

This article analyzes the potential impact that seismic events may have on the infection rate within regions afflicted by both epidemics and earthquakes. It also explores open software packages that can be employed to simulate the impact of futu...

Mitigating the Twin Threats of Climate-Driven Atlantic Hurricanes and COVID-19 Transmission

This article looks at the co-occurrence of the 2020 Atlantic Hurricane Season and the COVID-19 pandemic and how together they create a complex dilemma for protecting populations from the intersecting threats. This resource answers the questions ...

The United States COVID-19 Pandemic in the Flood Season

This article outlines a tool that assesses the compound risk of COVID-19 at the county level. The article found that the number of flood insurance house claims can proxy the displaced population accurately with more spatiotemporal detail, and th...

An Eye on COVID: Hurricane Preparedness at a COVID-19 Alternative Care Site

This article shares the process of establishing a Medical Monitoring Station (MMS) in downtown New Orleans to maximize patient safety and continuity of operations during a real-world event. In 2020, the state of Louisiana activated the MMS that ...

Challenges for the Disaster Workforce During a Compound Hurricane-Pandemic

This article identifies how emergency management planning for both the changing dynamics of COVID-19 and hurricane season may change under a compound threat. COVID-19 and the increase of natural disasters occurring pushes new considerations to b...

Cascading Risks of COVID-19 Resurgence During an Active 2020 Atlantic Hurricane Season

This article reviews risks of hurricanes to coastal states during the 2020 Atlantic hurricane season amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Protecting the population from hurricane hazards revolves around evacuation and sheltering individuals. However, e...

Nonprofit Capacity to Manage Hurricane-Pandemic Threat

This report examines the professional capacity of nonprofit organizations when responding to disasters occurring simultaneously. This report includes:Service delivery strategies for nonprofits during COVID-19Impact of natural disasters on nonpro...

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Wildfire Smoke

This article identifies the potential for dangerous interactions between COVID-19 and smoke pollution This resource includes: Strategies to manage the combination of public health threats Recommended for environmental and public health officia...

Orchestrating Performance of Healthcare Networks Subjected to the Compound Events of Natural Disasters and Pandemic

This article combines wildfire data with varying courses of the spread of COVID-19 to evaluate the effectiveness of different strategies for managing patient demand. It shows that losing access to medical care is a function of the relative occur...

Responding to Simultaneous Crises: Communications and Social Norms of Mask Behavior During Wildfires and COVID-19

This article looks into the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential for co-occurring wildfires and the health risks that they pose. While there are behaviors that can be implemented to reduce the negative impacts, government agencies and public heal...

A Multi-Hazards Earth Science Perspective on the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Potential for Concurrent and Cascading Crises

This article explores an epidemic model with a concurrent disaster event, which predicts a greater infection rate following the events during the pre-infection rate peaks period compared with post peak events. This highlights the need for enacti...

Compound Risks of Hurricane Evacuation Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

This article models how a hurricane evacuation from four different counties in a state would impact COVID-19 case levels. The number of COVID-19 cases produced by the evacuation is influenced by the ability of destination counties meeting the ne...

A Rapid Assessment of Disaster Preparedness Needs and Resources During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This article provides a rapid qualitative assessment method to determine the impact of the pandemic on preparedness and response to natural disasters and the impact of past experiences with natural disasters in responding to the pandemic. This a...

Data-Driven Operation of the Resilient Electric Grid: A Case of COVID-19

This article explores the resilience of power grids in the face of pandemics and various machine learning tools that can be helpful to augment human operators are discussed by reviewing the impact of COVID-19 on power grid operations and actions...

Compound Natural and Human Disasters: Managing Drought and COVID-19 to Sustain Global Agriculture and Food Sectors

This article describes how droughts and pandemics interact and identifies appropriate policies to address them individually and together. Disasters, both natural and human made disrupt global food supply chains when they occur at the same time a...

The Mental Health Impacts of Successive Disasters

Experiencing a natural disaster at the same time as a global pandemic is associated with negative impacts on mental health. This article studies resiliency at the individual and community levels to understand problematic impacts following a disa...

A Community Case Study on Geographic, Environmental, and Social Health Disparities in COVID-19 Disease

This article examines the socioeconomic, geographic, and environmental vulnerabilities within a rural area. The article reviews that rural areas are particularly susceptible to the continuum of expected COVID-19 disease and related outcomes. Rur...

Tangible Tabletops and Dual Reality for Crisis Management

This article reviews a study between tangible and tactile interactions. The study consisted of 32 participants remotely displacing robots and exploring a simulated disaster area. This study includes: Difference between two interaction technique...

When Emergencies and Disasters Collide

This article details the interaction between the responses to both the COVID-19 pandemic and the Magna earthquake in Utah. COVID-19 may have limited injuries or the loss of life during the earthquake, and it also enabled an early activation of t...

Navigating the Wildfire-Pandemic Interface

This article provides preliminary data that suggests the current challenges around collective action to address wildfire risk may be further exacerbated due to COVID-19, and that the pandemic has potentially widened existing disparities in house...

Studying Social Workers' Roles in Natural Disasters During a Global Pandemic

This article shares practice and research recommendations for a social worker relating to therapeutic interactions, social justice, and public health during disasters. Social workers are viewed as a source of reliable information about safety, r...

Maintaining Critical Infrastructure Resilience to Natural Hazards During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This article describes alternative approaches that an energy organization can take to prepare for a concurrent disaster. Maintaining strong infrastructure during a natural disaster during COVID-19 is challenging and has the potential to disrupt ...

Caring for the Forgotten Children: Rebuilding Puerto Rico After Hurricane Maria, Earthquakes, and COVID-19

This article focuses on mental health resiliency within child and adolescent groups as well as the general community members. Communities have vulnerabilities that are often displayed when being impacted by disasters and it is important to learn...

Individual Hurricane Evacuation Intentions During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This article discusses how individual hurricane preparedness is often influenced by the additional risk stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. A major finding was that the perceptions of flood and pandemic risks have opposite effects on preparedne...

Dueling Emergencies: Flood Evacuation Ridesharing During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This paper examines the complexity behind the decision-making relating to rideshare during an emergency like COVID-19. Sharing resources during disaster events like vehicles, supports the expansion of critical capacity and enables inclusive disa...

COVID-19 Crisis Communications: The Challenge for Environmental Organizations

This article examines the ways environmental organizations amended their crisis communications to underscore their relevance to crises and their role in problem-solving. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. environmental organizations...

Special Section: COVID-19/Public Health Preparedness and Response

This article is a collection of COVID-19 treatises that identify some of the flaws in the American social and economic, health care, and disaster response systems and how they often contribute to national disaster mitigation challenges. This art...

Building Resilient Coalitions: Health and Medical Response Through COVID-19 Concurrent Events

This article analyzes the critical role that non-profit organizations play in capacity-building among healthcare institutions in a large medical center. An assessment of the conceptual resilience model is used by the organizations as they respon...

Nonprofit Response to Concurrent and Consecutive Disaster Events in Puerto Rico

This article examines how nonprofit organizations are prominent stakeholders when working in community-level recovery efforts. It explores the role of nonprofits to facilitate dynamic information flows, fill in critical service delivery gaps lef...

Mutual Aid: A Grassroots Model for Justice and Equity in Emergency Management

This article provides lessons for a more equitable approach to emergency management. Grassroots mutual aid programs regained prominence when supporting equitable approaches to emergency management during many concurrent disasters in 2020. Disast...

Concurrent Threats and Disasters: Modeling and Managing Risk and Resilience

This article provides a literature review of how policymakers were prompted to reassess operations and management strategies that support society’s critical functions like infrastructure, healthcare services, supply chains, and emergency respons...

Lessons from Concurrent Disasters: COVID-19 and Eight Hurricanes

This literary review investigates the relationship of local government leaders and emergency managers in Louisiana who worked collaboratively to respond to the global pandemic and an “epidemic†of landfalling hurricanes during 2020. The review s...

The Impact of Natural Disasters on the Spread of COVID-19

This journal article discusses es how natural disasters and infectious disease disrupts human health and livelihood. It modeled a concurrent disaster scenario on the impact of infection related fatalities. This resource contains information on: ...

Addressing Critical Success Factors for Improving Concurrent Emergency Management: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic

This journal article discusses the challenges in managing natural disasters and emergencies that occur during a pandemic. It identifies the critical success factors having a major role in effective management of concurrent emergencies and evalua...

Preventing Foodborne Illness: Talking to Patients About Food Safety

Food Safety and Nutrition Resources for Healthcare ProfessionalsThe Food and Drug Administration and American Medical Association partnered to develop medical education resources about important health topics related to food safety.YoutubeUS FDA...

Foodborne Illness: What Problem?

Video for novice outbreak investigation team members highlighting the burden of foodborne illness, introduction to the changing food industry, and impacts on public health.Go to TrainingApproximate length: 11 minutesRequirements: NoneCost: FreeF...